Networkingexplain

nat stands for network address translation and this is a service that is used in routers and its purpose is to translate a set of IP addresses to another set of IP addresses and the reason for having the nat service is to help preserve the limited amount of IP version for public IP addresses that we have available around the world when the IP version 4 address was created engineers didn't realize how big the internet will become because even though there were over 4 billion IP version 4 addresses available the engineers thought that that would be enough but obviously they were wrong so in order to prevent a shortage of public IP version 4 addresses engineers developed private IP addresses and network address translation now there are two different types of IP version 4 addresses there's public and there is private public IP addresses are publicly registered on the Internet you have to have a public IP address if you want to go on the internet and there are approximately 4 billi

computer hardware and software can come in 32 or 64-bit versions the difference between a 32-bit and a 64-bit is the way that it handles memory the bit size refers to the memory that it can address a 32-bit system can reference 2 to the 32nd power bytes of memory which equals to about 4 gigabytes however a 64-bit system can reference 2 to the 64th power bytes of memory which equals to about 16 exabytes which is 4 billion times more memory than a 32-bit now that number is so huge that it's virtually unlimited because we will never need to use that amount of memory so in a computer in order for data or a program to run it needs to be loaded into Ram first so the data is stored on the slower hard drive and from the hard drive it's loaded into the faster Ram and once it's loaded into Ram the CPU can now access the data or run the program now in a 32-bit system since the maximum amount of memory that it can support is 4 gigabytes it may not be enough to hold all the data that th

what is port forwarding now maybe you've heard about it but you weren't exactly sure what it was or how it works so basically port forwarding allows computers over the Internet to connect to a specific computer or service within a private network it's basically making your computer accessible over the Internet even though you're behind a router so for example let's say a friend of yours at their home wants to remotely control your computer at your home using a service such as remote desktop connection now remote desktop connection is a service built into Microsoft Windows that enables you to connect to another computer running Microsoft Windows and then once you're connected to the remote computer you can use that computers programs and files just as if you were sitting in front of it so now your friend is ready to connect to your computer so we starts up the remote desktop connection and sends the request to your public IP address with a specific port number no

introduce you to the domain name system so imagine this you're on your laptop in your web browser trying to reach example dotnet both your computer and the web server for example net are connected to the Internet now usually your browser will automatically contact the web server for you and request the home page although you know the domain name you have to remember that the internet runs on IP addresses so you cannot just ask hey can you contact example net for me because the internet can't it only knows IP addresses this is where DNS comes in think of it as a gigantic address book that tells you at which IP address any domain name can be contacted to look up an address you ask a special DNS server something like Whois example dotnet and it'll tell you the answer problem solved right not so fast remember that you're not the only one on the Internet there are billions of Internet connected devices that are also trying to look up IP addresses while you're doing the s

whenever a computer wants to communicate with another computer the communication between those two computers needs to be good and reliable so we can guarantee that the data is received correctly for example when you want to view a webpage or download a file or look at an email you'd expect to view the webpage intact and in order with nothing missing or if you're downloading a file you would want the entire file and not just a part of the file because if data is missing or out of order then it wouldn't be of any benefit to you so this is where TCP comes in TCP stands for transmission control protocol and this is one of the main protocols used in a tcp/ip network and TCP is what is used to guarantee that all the data is received and in order because without TCP then some of the data could be missing or out of order because if you view a web page without TCP your web page could be all messed up the images could be missing or the text could be backwards and out of order or if y

hello everyone in this article we're going to talk about different types of printers now printers allow the ability to print copies of documents or photos onto paper from a computer now there are several different types of printers but the most common types that are used in homes and businesses are inkjet and laser printers and there are also a couple of less common printers such as thermal printers and dot matrix printers which we'll talk about later so let's first talk about inkjet printers now inkjet printers are the most common printers that are used in homes they are affordable and they produce photo quality results and they are enough to suit the needs of a typical home user now an inkjet printer works by the printhead moving back and forth across the paper during printing and during this process the printhead places ink on the paper in very tiny dots in fact these dots are so tiny that they are smaller in diameter than a human hair and as these dots are precisely pla